Wednesday, April 29, 2020

The Concept of Arms Race, Sino-Soviet-American Relations, and the Persian Gulf War Essay Example

The Concept of Arms Race, Sino-Soviet-American Relations, and the Persian Gulf War Essay â€Å"The Concept of Arms Race, Sino-Soviet-American Relations, and the Persian Gulf War† Political Science 170 Winter 2009 Dr. Kendall Stiles February 12, 2009 For centuries, and particularly during the last one hundred years, nations have sought to develop, manufacture, deploy, and improve weapons in reaction to the similar efforts of their adversaries. We call this an â€Å"arms race†. As defined early on by Gray, an arms race involves the following characteristics: [T]here should be two or more parties perceiving themselves to be in an adversary relationship, who are increasing or improving their armaments at a rapid rate and structuring their respective military postures with a general attention to the past, current, and anticipated military and political behavior of the other parties. (Gray 1971, 40) Note that this definition excludes parallel arms acquisition by allies or neutrals, gradual and moderate increases in weaponry, or unilateral increases in weaponry that is unconnected to others’ behavior. On the other hand, the definition includes all types of weapons – conventional and nuclear, personal and strategic. Also, the definition includes both quantitative and qualitative improvements, implying that manufacturing and deploying obsolete weapons could be one way to engage in an arms race where the adversary is focused exclusively on developing new military technology instead. To what extent does this concept help us understand what took place in Sino-Soviet-American relations or the Persian Gulf War as described in as described in chapters 2 and 5 of the Stiles text, respectively? We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Arms Race, Sino-Soviet-American Relations, and the Persian Gulf War specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Arms Race, Sino-Soviet-American Relations, and the Persian Gulf War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Arms Race, Sino-Soviet-American Relations, and the Persian Gulf War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I will argue that the material makes clear that arms racing was a central dimension of the great power relations of the first case, but does not feature as prominently in the Persian Gulf situation. Specifically, the Cold War was largely a conflict over nuclear deterrent capacity rather than direct military confrontation between the U. S. and the U. S. S. R. , while in the case of the Persian Gulf War the United States injected itself in a regional conflict, mostly because Kuwait had been unable or unwilling to match Iraq’s military build-up and quickly succumbed to its forces once they attacked. This analysis offers a way to better understand that arms races are not the most unwelcome development in international affairs and may be preferable to alternative strategies. In 1945, the United States successfully tested an atomic bomb and a few weeks later dropped it on Hiroshima, Japan. It is interesting to note at the outset that although the weapon was originally developed in response to Germany’s threat, and was used against Japan, the principal target of America’s atomic and later nuclear arsenal for the next half-century would be the Soviet Union – an ally of the U. S. when the bomb fell on Japan. But by 1947 American and Soviet relations had deteriorated to the point that they each saw the other as its principal adversary. When the Soviet Union detonated an atomic device in 1949, it was clear to all concerned that this was a signal to the United States. It signaled that both superpowers had the capacity to eliminate each others’ major cities (although, as pointed out in the text, it would take some time before the Soviets would have the capacity to deliver the bomb to a distant target – see page 32). The development of the hydrogen (or nuclear) bomb by 1953 and the successful testing of intercontinental ballistic missiles by both sides by 1957 meant that the populations, industries, and military installations of both superpowers were vulnerable to nuclear attack. What took place in the first decade of the Cold War is a clear instance of an arms race. It was primarily technological in the early years and was both rapid and aggressive, as required by the definition. While one cannot speculate, it seems unlikely that the Soviet Union would have moved so quickly to develop nuclear-capable missiles had the United States not moved first. And these actions would not have been perceived as threatening without the generally hostile environment in which Americans and Soviets consolidated control over their respective spheres of influence and confronted each other’s allies in places like Korea and Berlin. At the same time, it is worth noting that although the rhetoric and posturing were openly hostile, the actions of both superpowers were relatively restrained. The Soviet Union chose not to attack West Berlin even though the presence of an American ally in the middle of a Soviet-dominated state was clearly irksome. Likewise, the United States was careful not to threaten Soviet territory in its war with North Korea and ultimately settled for a stalemate. In Cuba, where the United States might have benefited substantially from an invasion, it chose instead to adopt more tentative and non-violent means to pressure the Soviets to withdraw their missiles. It appears in retrospect that both states were deterred from attacking the other. And ultimately, the Cuban Missile Crisis seems to have prompted the two superpowers to meet face-to-face to negotiate how to prudently manage what was clearly a dangerous military situation. And, as we know, the Cold War ended with a fizzle rather than a bang as both sides accepted each other as rivals but not enemies and dramatically reduced their nuclear arsenals in the 1980s and 1990s. The implication of this story is that an arms race can – especially where nuclear-tipped missiles are concerned – lead world leaders to avoid rather than seek military confrontation. Knowing that her country cannot deliver a â€Å"knock-out punch† may prompt a leader to pursue non-violent ways to resolve disputes. The reverse seems to be true where Iraq is concerned. In 1990, Saddam Hussein, frustrated over Kuwait’s apparent theft of oil from Iraq fields and hoping to establish himself as the dominant power in the region, launched a surprise attack against his smaller neighbor. At the time, the Iraqi army was the forth largest in the world and was equipped with advanced tanks, artillery, and aircraft. The Iraqi army was also battle-hardened, having fought an eight-year war with Iran during the 1980s. Kuwait, for its part, had a reputation for arrogance borne of its extraordinary oil wealth. On the other hand, Kuwait’s military was small and ultimately ineffectual. Iraqi forces were able to overrun the small country in a matter of hours. Shortly after its victory, the Iraqi army began to mass on the border with Saudi Arabia, prompting consternation in this sometime US ally. Saudi Arabia’s government knew that its military would also not be a match for Iraq. Both governments chose to use their oil wealth primarily for other purposes besides full-scale militarization, perhaps in part because neither considered Iraq a particularly serious threat. After all, the only clear indication that war might be imminent, according to the chapter, was that roughly one month before the invasion the Iraqi government released statements indicating its intent to attack Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates (see page 83). The two states chose not to enter into an arms race with Iraq. The result was that Saddam Hussein was undeterred from attacking them. One might argue that had Kuwait and Saudi Arabia matched Iraq’s military capability, they would have been spared the catastrophe they endured. But although they could certainly have been able to pay for large numbers of advanced weapons, they could not have matched the manpower Iraq was able to deploy. On the other hand, forming a military alliance with a superpower might have quickly balanced their military capacity relative to Iraq’s. Ultimately, this is precisely what took place, although this could not be considered an arms race according to our definition. In conclusion, these two cases show in different ways how the concept of arms race helps us understand international affairs. In the case of the U. S. and U. S. S. R. , although it proved costly and dangerous, the nuclear arms race night have prevented a direct military confrontation, and ultimately resolved itself once political conditions changed. On the other hand, the lack of an arms race in the Persian Gulf may have been a cause of the war that started in 1990. In other words, the implications of the lack of an arms race may be as dire as the alternative. Reference: Gray, Colin (1971) â€Å"The Arms Race Phenomenon,† World Politics vol. XXIV (October): 39-79.

Saturday, April 25, 2020

The Characteristics of Nursing Goals Essay Samples

The Characteristics of Nursing Goals Essay Samples Nursing Goals Essay Samples Fundamentals Explained Contrary to other fields, nursing demands a particular attention to word selection, especially in regards to the assessment of patients. Some patients are in shock, they begin talking unconsciously, thus, a nurse is predicted to show indications of responsiveness to that patient so as to supply them with a feeling of comfort. Your nursing personal statement ought to be a window in your life. Understaffed occasionally At times nurses have to address far more patients than 1 person should due to staff shortages. The Lost Secret of Nursing Goals Essay Samples Regardless, an effective clinical management and nursing leader should have the ability to understand how to deal with the available funds and financial resources, among others which can be utilised to fuel an undertaking or any organization-related campaign, in order to reach the organizational objectives and objectives. You're then introduced to your private assistant who's pretty. The dearth of competent professors in the region of nursing will perpetuate the lack of university degreed healthcare professionals in the business. Invariably education would be required. One of the most difficult features of college life is finances. In case you have nursing experience, be ready to highlight it together with details about your strengths and weaknesses. My personal long-term objective is to retire in 15 years at age 70 with sufficient retirement funds. My personal short-term objective is to attain employment with the Veterans Administration. The last step requires the client to wait around for the task to be dealt with by the corporation. On the flip side, a fantastic essay or private statement will enable you to stand out and boost your odds of getting admitted, even if other pieces of your application aren't stellar. Next, you should write your work statement dependent on the clarity and e njoyable list which you've created. Reviewing and revising your private statement makes sure that the piece is clear, organized, and absolutely free of errors. It's nice if it's a colleague who has somewhat similar objectives, but it might be someone in a whole different industry who's also attempting to earn a change or grow as a professional individual. It's possible to say that everybody has a goal in their life, whether it's a lengthy term or short one. The point is to observe the larger picture of being a true leader and just by doing this, an individual would have the ability to determine that being a nursing leader is not only about changing or challenging the people's vision of the future. There's no other way I would prefer the story of my life written. There's a greater chance you will accomplish your aims by writing them down. Well being Despite your best efforts, there might be times when you're just not able to pursue your ends. You may also employ a career coa ch or life coach that will help you set and attain objectives and retool them as you want to. If you really need to turn into successful in time, all you need to do is to set goals. Again the very same principles apply. Today, you'll find several examples of personal objectives. Example of personal goals may include lots of distinct places, however, now you've got some illustration of personal goals that is able to help you formulate your own targets and get excited as you go forward to achieving them. Evaluate your progress Whether your target is going back to school to find that BSN or simply updating your resume so you may find a better paying job or have a travel nursing job, it's essential to keep an eye on your progress. Making the choice to begin a career in nursing isn't one to go into lightly. You are able to receive a complete list of expert nursing organizations at Nurse.org. My philosophy about nursing is that it's a career that one needs to work hard for, but in addition a career a person has to have to a pure affinity for. S As an upcoming nurse, it's important for all of us to keep up a good working relationship with other health care team. It's essential for nurses to remain up-to-date as a way to keep on providing patients with the greatest possible care. If it isn't taken care of, it is going to break down. If you are able to take care of that component of your life, it is going to be less difficult for you to look after your career. Nursing Goals Essay Samples Fundamentals Explained Writing a great nursing school essay is extremely important to getting your application considered and accepted. Nursing is a domain that's peculiar, in the feeling that it's endowed with a distinctive nature. You wish to utilize your essay for a tool to demonstrate why you need to go to their school, versus simply stating why you wish to go there. You don't need to possess the ideal writing skills so as to be creative and compose an effective essay. Paying for essay writing service is something which has been discussed for quite a while. The general format of your essay, for example, font size and margins, will solely be based on the instructions offered to you.

Achieving Great Actuarial Science Persuasive Paper Topic Ideas

Achieving Great Actuarial Science Persuasive Paper Topic IdeasThere are many things to consider when considering a persuasive paper topic idea, but the act of finding one that has just the right traits is the most important. Actuarial science is a complex and ever-changing field and finding an innovative approach to writing about it can be challenging, but there are several things to consider.The first step in selecting a specific type of topic for the paper is to determine how specific the topic is going to be. You should always plan out a topic in terms of a particular question or problem that you want to solve. For example, if you're writing about life insurance coverage, it may make sense to start by defining the role of the actuaries in the industry. That will give you a starting point to think about how insurance actuaries have changed over time.Next, look at how much of the insurance industry you're dealing with - and this is probably the most important thing to think about wh en selecting a specific aspect of the subject. Do you work primarily with retirees? Do you deal with people who are young and healthy, or do you deal with individuals who are sickly and old?Knowing the answer to these questions can help you figure out which topics are the most difficult, as well as to choose which paper topic ideas are best for your purpose. For example, if you want to write about life insurance coverage, it makes sense to use topics that cover senior citizens, people with pre-existing conditions, and people who are old.If you're writing about life insurance coverage, you'll also need to consider the differences between risk assessment and pricing. Risk assessment focuses on current performance, whereas pricing focuses on the future performance of the individual insured. You'll find that these two aspects of insurance are related, but there are some topics that deal exclusively with one of them.Finally, you'll need to decide what resources you're going to use to gen erate your information. If you're writing about a specific aspect of the topic, you may want to use an example to get the idea across. If you're using an example, you'll have more control over what you're writing, and how you are writing it.If you're not sure how to handle either of these, it's best to consider consulting with experts in the area, as well as getting advice from people you know who are successful in their own areas. Writing with others will help you work better and more efficiently, and will allow you to sharpen your skills.When you start thinking about actuarial science as a topic, keep in mind that it is full of plenty of opportunities for you to express yourself creatively. Making these simple decisions is the best way to make sure you use your time wisely.

Research Papers PDF - Is It a Good Choice?

Research Papers PDF - Is It a Good Choice?Software engineering research papers PDF or Research Papers are articles which feature the present state of the science of Software Engineering. If you want to analyze the software that can run by itself in a computer, or something related to an automatic vehicle or some other motorized system, this article will help you in understanding this science. It is a very important thing for those people who have huge projects which require very high technical and quality standards in their work.The fields of Software Engineering in the present are usually big as well as small, as each one has his own needs. The software is made in order to fulfill the requirements of the company, for that reason it is also called a 'product'. Thus it is expected that every company will have to provide a final product of the course by which their customers will know that they have the best product. By this one's software is supposed to meet the demands of the user, e specially if there are many of them in the company.This kind of software programs is built in such a way that it meets the needs of the users in such a way that they would be able to create a simple software programs without any difficulty. These software are very much liked by the users because they are easy to use.There are two kinds of Software Engineering Research Papers PDF. These are the ones that are being made in the laboratories of some universities. This is one way in which the students develop the technologies which can be used by anyone. They are being made in such a way that it will be possible for the general public to get more knowledge about it.The second type of research papers PDF are the ones that are being made in the laboratories of some organizations and companies. These Research Papers is always associated with the most important aspect of the company because they would feature the goals of the company in which it works. This is the type of Research Paper that is more interesting to the common people.These Research Papers PDF is very essential for those who do not have any experience in the field of Software Engineering. There are some software products which are already made, which are available in the market. But it is important for the common people to be able to understand these products because it is one of the factors that affect their daily lives.We have seen that the current research papers PDF are very useful for those who are willing to learn the thing which they should study. It is also important for them because they will be able to apply what they learned in the field of Software Engineering. Thus it is important for anyone who would like to learn more about this field to get this kind of research paper.

General Knowledge Test Essay Topics

General Knowledge Test Essay TopicsGeneral Knowledge Test Essay Topics is the ones that you will find in any written exam and in the job market. It is almost like a quiz, which is used to test your reasoning skills and problem solving abilities. Your reasoning skills are assessed by the essay questions that you are required to answer. To be able to answer these questions effectively, you must be able to bring in fresh ideas that can support your answer.The general knowledge test essay topics are divided into two categories - personal knowledge and factual knowledge. Personal knowledge includes facts and information about yourself, particularly your personal history. There are some areas where you are not allowed to discuss any personal information. If you use any facts or information that has not been revealed in the book of a specific topic, then this information must be placed in the personal paragraph.Factual knowledge includes all facts and information about your occupation, the industry you are in and the products that you have been involved in. Facts are used to support your answer and you will need to be able to prove the facts in the essay questions. This kind of essay can be quite tricky and you will need to be able to make the best arguments to prove the facts.General knowledge test essay topics are used as a preparation for your final exam. It is important to understand them well in order to have the correct strategy. Some companies use general knowledge test essay topics as their guides for the subject of the final exam. They give all questions in a group with a similar theme.General knowledge test essay topics can be useful for people who are good at research and reading, but are not very good at writing. It helps you create a plan for a topic, outline it and write a good outline of the subject. You may have to rewrite some sentences and add information to clarify. Once the essay has been written and proofread thoroughly, you will have a complete p lan of the topic.If you have already studied the topic, then you can prepare for a general knowledge test essay topics by reading it. This is done by going through the whole essay in a logical order. It helps you to understand and comprehend the topic and also to generate good arguments.In writing, you can use general knowledge test essay topics for helping you gain knowledge and understanding of a topic. This is why they are used so much in writing. The information about the subject is needed to help students learn and understand the topic.